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Biogas, anaerobic digestion and landfill gas
Biogas, or landfill gas, is a biofuel produced through the intermediary stage of anaerobic digestion consisting mainly of 45–90% biologically produced methane and carbon dioxide. In early 2007 a thermophilic anaerobic digestion facility was commissioned in Stornoway in the Western Isles. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and the Renewable Energy Association are also leading the way towards the establishment of a digestate standard to facilitate the use of solid outputs from digesters on land. Anaerobic digestion and mechanical biological treatment facilities have been planned at a number of other locations in Scotland, such as Westray.
It has been recognised that biogas (mainly methane) – produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic matter – is potentially a valuable and prolific feedstock. The Scottish Executive and SEPA have funded seven small scale farm trial plants with the British anaerobic digestion company Greenfinch. Landfill sites have the potential for a further 0.07 GW with sites such as the Avondale Landfill in Falkirk already utilising their potential.
Solid biomass
Wood fuel almost certainly exceeds hydroelectric and wind as the largest source of renewable energy at present. Scotland's forests, which currently make up 60% of the UK resource base, could provide up to 1 million tonnes of wood fuel per annum. The biomass energy supply could reach 450 MW or higher in coming years, with power stations requiring 4,500–5,000 oven dry tonnes per annum per megawatt of generating capacity. The energy company E.ON has constructed a 44 MW biomass power station at Lockerbie using locally sourced crops, while the smaller but not insignificant EPR Westfield power plant in Fife produces 9.8 MW of output using chicken litter as fuel.
There is growing demand for automatic wood pellet boilers which can be as convenient to use as conventional central heating systems. There is also local potential for energy crops such as short-rotation willow or poplar coppice, Miscanthus energy grass, agricultural wastes such as straw and manure, and forestry residues.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Scotland#Wave_power
Lagt ut 28.06.2010
